THE INTERVENTION OF WORLD POWERS IN ISRAEL'S WARS - III
When the fourth Arab-Israeli war began on October 6, 1973, many of Israel’s soldiers were away from their posts, observing Yom Kippur (Day of Atonement). The Arab armies were able to make impressive advances, with their up-to-date Soviet weaponry. Iraqi forces soon joined the war, and Syria received support from Jordan. After several days, Israel was fully mobilised, and the Israel Defense Forces began beating back the Arab gains - at a heavy cost to soldiers and equipment. The reluctance of the United States to help Israel changed when the Soviet Union continued to supply weapons to Egypt and Syria. The U.S. President, Richard Nixon , countered by establishing an emergency supply line to Israel. As a result, the Arab countries imposed an oil embargo . European countries refused to allow American planes carrying weapons to Israel, to refuel. On October 25, an Egyptian-Israeli cease-fire was secured by the United Nations. Israel’s victory came at the cost of h...